❄️ ❄️ We all know that every snowflake is unique, but did you know that every snowflake is amazing? At least the ones shot here by Alexey Kljatov in incredible macro are.

What stunning shapes nature is capable of achieving. From simple to detailed and exquisite, it’s wild to think of the billions of different formations that are capable from frozen flakes.

Really impressive, especially considering Kljatov created his own inexpensive rig to capture this fleeting beauty.

Macro photograph of a sectored-plate snowflake with a hexagonal center and six broad, fork-tipped arms, resting on dark woolen fibers
Photographed by Alexey Kljatov, this sectored-plate crystal pairs a hexagonal core with six broad, fork-tipped arms, caught on a wisp of dark wool before it could melt.

The Photography Behind These Shots

Kljatov, who shoots under the name ChaoticMind75, built his own macro setup rather than buying one: a reversed lens mounted on extension tubes, aimed down at a pane of glass on his balcony in Moscow, with an LED flashlight lighting each flake from below and a scrap of dark woolen fabric as backdrop. It is a resourceful, almost DIY approach to a genre that usually demands expensive gear — proof that the right idea matters more than the price tag. If you like the idea of ordinary tools capturing extraordinary detail, Moss & Fog’s look at macro moth photography is cut from the same cloth.

“I capture snowflakes at open balcony of my house, mostly on glass surface, lighted by LED flashlight from opposite side of glass, and sometimes in natural light, using dark woolen fabrics as background.”

Macro photograph of a simple hexagonal plate snowflake with faint nested hexagon facets and smooth, unbranched edges against a soft blue-gray backdrop
A simple hexagonal plate crystal — smooth-edged and unbranched, a quieter counterpoint to the ornate stars elsewhere in this set.

Why No Two Snowflakes Are Alike

The claim gets repeated so often it can start to sound like a slogan, but it holds up — with one nuance worth knowing. As a snow crystal falls, it passes through constantly shifting pockets of temperature and humidity, and each of those micro-conditions nudges its growth in a slightly different direction. Because a single flake can contain quintillions of water molecules arranged along the way, the odds of two complex, heavily branched crystals matching each other exactly are effectively zero. Simple, unbranched plates like the one above can look very similar to one another; it’s the elaborate dendrites — the ones with dozens of tiny branch points, each shaped by its own passage through the clouds — where “no two alike” becomes almost a certainty rather than a figure of speech.

Macro photograph of a stellar dendrite snowflake with six symmetrical arms, each branching into dense, fern-like secondary and tertiary ice crystals, against a dark gradient background
Absolutely exquisite detail on this stellar dendrite — six symmetrical arms, each dissolving into fern-like secondary and tertiary branches.
Macro photograph of a smooth-sided hexagonal snowflake with spoke-like ridges radiating between nested hexagon facets and a tiny six-point star etched at its center
This smooth-sided flake has a perfect six-point star etched into the hexagon at its center.
Macro photograph of a snowflake with six paddle-shaped arms curving outward from a hexagonal center, each tip forked like a tiny fan, resting on dark wool fibers
No two are alike, and seeing this one’s paddle-shaped, fork-tipped arms in macro helps showcase why.
Macro photograph of a snowflake with six slender, spike-like arms radiating from a faceted hexagonal core, each lined with fine needle-like side branches
Nature’s geometry in action — six spike-like arms lined with fine, needle-thin side branches.

The Science of Crystal Symmetry

Every one of these shapes traces back to a single molecule. Water molecules bond at fixed angles as they freeze, and that geometry naturally stacks into a hexagonal lattice — which is why virtually every snow crystal, however elaborate its arms become, is built on six-fold (or occasionally three-fold) symmetry. The endless variety comes from what happens next: as the hexagonal seed drifts through the atmosphere, it grows arms, plates, and branches in response to the exact temperature and moisture it encounters, so the same underlying geometry produces an almost limitless range of forms.

Macro photograph of a flat hexagonal plate snowflake showing iridescent interference-pattern colors across its translucent surface, set against dark wool fibers
A very ‘modern’ shape, unlike anything we’ve seen before — a flat hexagonal plate lit up with iridescent interference colors.
Macro photograph of a stellar dendrite snowflake with six dagger-like arms and fine, ladder-rung side branches radiating from a faceted hexagonal center
We love the way the clear, dagger-armed structure of this flake is captured upright against the woolen backdrop.
Macro photograph of a smooth hexagonal plate snowflake with delicate fern-like etchings on its translucent surface and no protruding arms
An elegant hexagon shape, proving that not all snowflakes have intricate ‘arms’.
Macro photograph comparing two snowflakes side by side, a large stellar crystal with six broad fork-tipped arms and a smaller one sharing the same hexagonal symmetry at a different stage of growth
The symmetry and geometry of snowflakes make them endlessly fascinating — two crystals, same hexagonal blueprint, two very different outcomes.
Macro photograph of an elaborate stellar dendrite snowflake with six main arms densely covered in fern-like secondary branches, rendered in cool blue tones
The geometric branches on this flake feel extra detailed — a stellar dendrite pushed about as far as the form can go.
Macro photograph of a fractal stellar dendrite snowflake with intricate fern-like branching radiating symmetrically from a small hexagonal center, photographed against a dark background
Another perfect six-point star at the center of this flake, with fractal branching radiating out from it in every direction.

At a Glance

  • Photographer: Alexey Kljatov (ChaoticMind75), shooting from his balcony in Moscow.
  • Technique: a homemade macro rig — reversed lens on extension tubes, LED flashlight lighting each flake from behind a glass pane, dark wool as backdrop.
  • Science fact: the six-fold symmetry comes from the fixed bonding angle of water molecules as they freeze; the “no two alike” rule is most reliably true of the complex, heavily branched crystals shaped by ever-shifting humidity and temperature on the way down.

If this kind of patient, close-looking photography is your thing, it’s worth spending time with 40 Hidden Wonders of the Natural World — another reminder that the most breathtaking geometry on Earth is often small enough to melt in your hand.

Author

Ben VanderVeen is the founder and editor of Moss & Fog, one of the web’s longest-running visual culture destinations. Since 2009, he’s been finding and framing the most beautiful, surprising, and thought-provoking work in art, architecture, design, and nature — reaching over 325,000 readers each month. He lives in Portland, Oregon.

33 Comments

  1. Pingback: Watershed Info No 1241 - EnviroInsight, Inc.

  2. Michele Baker

    Love to see God’s gifts of beauty in nature.

  3. absolutely beautiful! So, they are 6 sided. So is the Star of David. So is the basis (6) of the Babylonian numerical system. Very interesting, is it not?

  4. gail thompson

    So, 6 sided like the Star of David. Hmm. Did not the Babylonians also use 6 as their numerical base? Hmm. There is so much we do not know. These snowflakes are pure beauty, Thank you for showing them to us.

  5. Jim Nagle

    I wonder why God made even snowflakes beautiful.

  6. Thanks for the comment! We read they use specialized lenses and woolen fabric, that the flakes can rest on.

  7. I wonder how they form such geometric shapes, nearly perfect in every detail. I’ve never seen an actual snowflake up so close as to see its shape, except in photographs. How does one capture a single snowflake with a camera?

  8. Dan Walter

    I don’t see a way to apply fractals here. What am I missing?

  9. Richard F Gorton

    The interesting geometric designs of each snowflake, is that all the angles are 109 deg. The photo of the snowflake with a star in the center id magnificent.

  10. Just breathtaking and beautiful handiwork of the Creator!!!

  11. Sharon Duke

    Wow, these look like Christmas tree ornaments! (Only more beautiful)

  12. Joanne Savoie

    What forces are these that create such form?

  13. Rick Mackin

    Wilson Alwyn Bentley (February 9, 1865 – December 23, 1931, also known as Snowflake Bentley was, I believe the first to do this in the early part of the last century. His photographs are as impressive considering what he had to work with.

  14. David Casey

    Interesting that all images are hexagon-based. Never considered that before.

  15. Why, when there are SO many beautiful snowflakes, is the same one in this article three times?

  16. Shelly A. Harmon

    Gorgeous!Thanks for up-lifting content!

  17. Gorgeous. What type of lens is required to take photos like these?

  18. I think that snowflake construction answers the indirect observation argument for Enistein’s theory of relativity paradox. I think this is how light moves.

  19. andrew Coburn

    Ever hear of “snowflake Bentley” from Vermont?
    Did the very same work a hundred years ago

  20. Linda Gentry

    BEAUTIFUL! ONLY THE CREATIVITY OF God could do this

  21. Only God can create something as beautiful as a snowflake

  22. I’ve never seen a snowflake that close up before. These are so cool! 🙂

  23. Jo Wallis

    Such clarity and variety! Thank you for sharing this with the world.

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